External risk intelligence

IP forwarding on non-router systems can lead to unauthorized network access.

CVE advisorySeverity: CRITICAL (CVSS 9.1)

CVE-1999-0511

A basic networking misconfiguration, where IP forwarding is enabled on non-router systems, can allow unexpected traffic and potentially unauthorized network access. Disabling this feature on applicable systems is crucial for maintaining network security.

1Halo Surface Signal

Information Disclosure

Microsoft Windows 2000

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-1999-0511

This issue relates to a local system configuration setting (IP forwarding) on non-router hosts. It requires the host to be misconfigured locally and does not involve a network-facing service, application, or protocol that is reachable from the public internet by design. The vulnerability is internal to the host's networking stack configuration.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

This vulnerability exists when a machine, not intended to be a router or firewall, has IP forwarding enabled. This misconfiguration can expose the system to unauthorized network traffic.

  • Network exposure: Allows unintended network access.
  • System control: Potentially leads to compromised system control.

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

This vulnerability allows an attacker to potentially intercept and redirect network traffic passing through a misconfigured machine. If a non-router or firewall has IP forwarding enabled, it can be tricked into acting as a pivot point for network attacks. This could enable eavesdropping, man-in-the-middle attacks, or denial-of-service against other systems on the network.

  • Misconfigured host required.
  • Local network access may be needed.
  • IP forwarding must be enabled.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

The likelihood of attackers weaponizing this CVE is low, as it requires local misconfiguration and does not directly expose a network service for remote exploitation. The vulnerability is tied to the IP forwarding setting on machines not intended to be routers, making it an internal system configuration issue rather than a remotely accessible flaw.

  • Requires local access or misconfiguration.
  • Does not involve public-facing services.

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

Prioritize disabling IP forwarding on systems that are not acting as routers or firewalls to prevent potential misuse. Focus on systems identified with this misconfiguration to reduce the attack surface.

  • Disable IP forwarding on affected hosts.
  • Monitor network traffic for suspicious routing behavior.

Frequently asked questions

What is the security risk of enabling IP forwarding on Windows NT and 2000 systems not acting as routers?

Enabling IP forwarding on Windows NT and 2000 systems that are not intended to be routers or firewalls can create security vulnerabilities by unintentionally allowing traffic to pass through them, potentially leading to unauthorized network access and system compromise.

How does CVE-1999-0511 describe the core weakness?

CVE-1999-0511 identifies a weakness where IP forwarding is activated on a machine not designed as a router or firewall. This misconfiguration can result in unintended network traffic flow and increase the risk of system compromise.

What are the conditions for this vulnerability to be exploitable?

This vulnerability is exploitable when IP forwarding is enabled on a machine that is not functioning as a router or firewall. The scope is limited to the internal network where the misconfigured machine resides.

Why is CVE-1999-0511 considered very unlikely to be exploited remotely according to Halo?

Halo considers this CVE very unlikely to be exploited remotely because it concerns a local system configuration (IP forwarding) on non-router hosts. Exploitation requires local misconfiguration rather than a network-facing service accessible from the internet.

What practical steps should be taken to address this vulnerability?

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is crucial to disable IP forwarding on all systems that are not intended to function as routers or firewalls. Monitoring network traffic for any unusual routing behavior on these systems is also recommended.

References