External risk intelligence

Apache Struts Parameter Execution Vulnerability.

CVE advisoryKnown Exploit

CVE-2013-2251

A vulnerability in Apache Struts allows attackers to execute arbitrary code, potentially leading to unauthorized access and data compromise. This poses a significant business risk to affected organizations.

4Halo Surface Signal

Apache Archiva

1.3 to before 1.3.81.21.2.22.0.0 to 2.3.1512.012.16.16.1.16.2

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2013-2251

Apache Struts is a widely used Java web application framework. Vulnerabilities in such frameworks commonly affect public-facing web applications, APIs, and enterprise portals that process user-supplied parameters, making them reachable and exploitable from the internet in standard deployment patterns.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

Apache Struts, a component used in various software applications, contains a flaw that can be exploited by unauthorized external actors. This vulnerability enables attackers to execute arbitrary commands on affected systems. The potential impact includes unauthorized access and modification of sensitive data, disruption of services, and compromise of system integrity.

  • Vulnerable Struts component
  • Flaw allows arbitrary command execution
  • Business impact: data compromise, service disruption

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

This vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code on affected systems by sending a specially crafted parameter to an application using the Apache Struts framework. The attack leverages the framework's handling of certain parameter prefixes to trick it into evaluating malicious Object-Graph Navigation Language (OGNL) expressions. This could lead to unauthorized access, data modification, or complete system compromise.

  • Applications with exposed Struts parameters.
  • Attackers send crafted OGNL expressions.
  • Control or impact results.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This vulnerability in Apache Struts could allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. Attackers could exploit this by sending specially crafted parameters to an application using a vulnerable version of Struts. This could lead to a complete compromise of affected systems, resulting in significant business risk. Organizations should prioritize addressing this vulnerability.

  • Attackers with low skill level.
  • No access or conditions required.
  • High business risk and urgency.

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

This vulnerability in Apache Struts allows for arbitrary code execution through crafted parameters. Organizations should take immediate steps to identify affected systems and mitigate risks. The primary action involves applying the vendor-provided fix and verifying its successful implementation.

  • Find affected assets.
  • Reduce exposure or isolate risk.
  • Fix, verify, and monitor.

Frequently asked questions

What is Apache Struts and its primary function?

Apache Struts is a framework utilized for developing Java web applications. It assists developers in creating enterprise-level web applications by structuring the management of user requests and responses, often handling web interfaces and backend logic.

How does CVE-2013-2251 exploit Apache Struts?

CVE-2013-2251 is an improper input validation vulnerability. It occurs when specially crafted parameters with specific prefixes trick Struts into evaluating arbitrary Object-Graph Navigation Language (OGNL) expressions, leading to potential code execution.

What is the trigger path for this Apache Struts vulnerability?

Attackers can trigger this vulnerability by sending specially crafted parameters, specifically those with prefixes like 'action:', 'redirect:', or 'redirectAction:', to an application using a vulnerable version of Apache Struts.

What is the relevance of CVE-2013-2251 according to Halo Surface Signal?

Halo classifies this CVE as 'Likely' due to Apache Struts being a widely used Java web application framework. Vulnerabilities in such frameworks commonly affect public-facing web applications and APIs, making them reachable and exploitable from the internet.

What practical steps should be taken to address this vulnerability?

Organizations should immediately identify all systems using vulnerable Apache Struts versions. The primary mitigation is to apply the vendor-provided security updates. Verifying the successful implementation of these fixes is also crucial.

References