External risk intelligence

Apache Tomcat Security Manager Bypass Vulnerability.

CVE advisorySeverity: CRITICAL (CVSS 9.1)

CVE-2016-5018

The vulnerability affects Apache Tomcat, which is a widely deployed application server commonly used to host internet-facing web applications and APIs. While the exploit requires a malicious application to be deployed, the platform itself is frequently positioned at the edge of network architectures to serve public traffic.

Halo Surface Signal: 4 out of 5 — likely to be public-facing.

External exposure likelihood

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

A security vulnerability was identified in Apache Tomcat, a widely used web server software. This issue could allow a malicious web application to bypass security controls, potentially leading to unauthorized access or actions. The main concern is confirming if your environment uses affected versions of Tomcat and assessing potential exposure.

  • Malicious apps could bypass Tomcat security controls.
  • It affects a common web server technology.
  • Confirm relevance and exposure to Tomcat.

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

An attacker could leverage a malicious web application deployed on an affected Apache Tomcat server to bypass security restrictions. This bypass is possible because a utility method within Tomcat, accessible to web applications, incorrectly handles security contexts. If successful, this could allow the malicious application to perform actions beyond its intended permissions.

  • Entry condition: Malicious web application deployed.
  • Trigger point: Accessing a Tomcat utility method.
  • Resulting risk: Bypassing security controls.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This vulnerability could allow a malicious web application to bypass security restrictions when running within Apache Tomcat. This bypass might enable unauthorized access to or modification of resources or behaviors that should be protected by the SecurityManager.

  • Sensitive application or system data could be exposed.
  • An attacker could leverage a deployed malicious application.
  • Unauthorized access to protected resources may occur.

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

This vulnerability in Apache Tomcat could allow a malicious web application to bypass security controls. Application owners, in coordination with infrastructure or platform teams, should first identify all instances of affected Tomcat versions, confirm their exposure and criticality, and then plan remediation.

  • Application owners and infrastructure teams.
  • Verify Tomcat instances and exposure.
  • Plan and execute remediation based on risk.

Supplementary metadata

Validate whether this threat affects your internet-facing exposure.

Halo Threat Intelligence helps prioritize remediation with Halo Surface Signal and H/A/L/O context. Start exposure validation with a free external attack surface trial.

Frequently asked questions

What is Apache Tomcat?

Apache Tomcat is an open-source web server and servlet container used to host Java-based web applications and APIs. It acts as the engine that processes web traffic and manages the execution environment for these applications. Because it is highly versatile, it is frequently embedded within larger enterprise products, such as various NetApp management tools, Red Hat JBoss components, and Oracle platforms, making it a foundational component in many technology stacks.

What is the vulnerability in CVE-2016-5018?

This vulnerability involves a security bypass, specifically a flaw where the software fails to correctly enforce its SecurityManager. In technical terms, it is a privilege escalation or sandbox escape issue. It occurs when a web application uses a specific Tomcat utility method that improperly handles security contexts, allowing the application to ignore the permissions or restrictions normally placed upon it by the server.

How is this vulnerability triggered?

The primary requirement for this vulnerability is the presence of a malicious web application already deployed on the affected Tomcat server. If such an application exists, it can invoke an internal Tomcat utility method to escape its security sandbox. Note that the vulnerability does not trigger simply through external network requests alone; the malicious code must be running within the Tomcat environment to leverage the flawed utility method.

Why should I be concerned about this vulnerability?

Halo Surface Signal notes that Apache Tomcat is often positioned at the edge of network architectures to handle public traffic. Because this vulnerability allows a malicious application to bypass internal security controls, any internet-facing Tomcat instance is at higher risk. If you host web applications where you do not have full control over the deployed code, the potential for unauthorized actions is significant.

What are the first steps to address CVE-2016-5018?

Begin by auditing your infrastructure to identify all instances where affected versions of Apache Tomcat are running. Since Tomcat is often bundled within other enterprise software, check both standalone installations and components within products from vendors like Red Hat, NetApp, or Oracle. Once identified, prioritize these instances based on their network exposure and verify if your current configuration utilizes the SecurityManager, then coordinate with your teams to plan updates.

References