External risk intelligence

Linux Kernel Privilege Escalation Vulnerability

CVE advisoryKnown Exploit

CVE-2016-5195

A vulnerability in the Linux kernel's memory handling can permit local users to gain elevated privileges. This impacts organizations by potentially allowing attackers with existing system access to modify sensitive data or disrupt operations. The business risk involves unauthorized system control and data compromise.

1Halo Surface Signal

Canonical Ubuntu Linux

12.0414.0416.0416.102.6.22 to before 3.2.833.3 to before 3.4.1133.5 to before 3.10.1043.11 to before 3.12.663.13 to before 3.16.383.17 to before 3.18.443.19 to before 4.1.354....

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2016-5195

The vulnerability is a race condition in the local Linux kernel memory management subsystem. Exploitation requires an attacker to already have local access to the system to run arbitrary code, meaning the vulnerable surface is not reachable from the public internet.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

A flaw within the Linux kernel's memory handling capability could allow unauthorized access and modification of system data. This vulnerability relates to how the system manages copy-on-write operations, potentially enabling an attacker to write to memory that should only be readable. The impact can include unauthorized privilege escalation on affected systems.

  • Vulnerable Linux kernel memory management
  • Improper handling of copy-on-write
  • Local privilege escalation

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

The vulnerability allows a local user to gain elevated privileges on a Linux system. This is achieved by exploiting a flaw in how the kernel handles memory mappings during copy-on-write operations. An attacker could leverage this to write data to protected memory regions, ultimately leading to privilege escalation.

  • Local system access is required.
  • Attacker triggers a race condition.
  • Gaining elevated privileges.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

A local attacker with existing access to a system could exploit this vulnerability to gain elevated privileges. This could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data or the ability to install malicious software. While primarily a local threat, it can be chained with other exploits to achieve remote control.

  • Likely attacker skill level: Moderate
  • Required access or conditions: Local system access
  • Business risk or urgency: High

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

This vulnerability allows for local privilege escalation within affected Linux systems. Attackers with existing local access could exploit this to gain higher privileges on a system. The impact could include unauthorized modification of sensitive data, disruption of services, or further compromise of the environment.

  • Identify systems with vulnerable Linux kernel versions.
  • Restrict local access to critical systems.
  • Apply vendor patches and verify remediation.

Frequently asked questions

What is the Linux kernel and what is it used for?

The Linux kernel is the core component of the Linux operating system. It manages the system's resources, such as the CPU, memory, and devices, and allows software to interact with hardware. It's used in a wide range of devices, from servers and desktops to embedded systems and mobile phones.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2016-5195, and how does it affect Linux?

CVE-2016-5195 is a race condition vulnerability (CWE-362) in the Linux kernel's memory handling. It allows a local user to gain elevated privileges by exploiting how the kernel manages copy-on-write memory mappings, potentially leading to unauthorized system modifications.

What conditions are needed for CVE-2016-5195 to be exploited?

Exploitation requires an attacker to have local access to the affected Linux system and be able to run arbitrary code. The vulnerability is not triggered by network access or by simply visiting a website.

Who should be concerned about this Linux kernel vulnerability?

Users and administrators of Linux systems should be concerned, especially if they have systems accessible only internally. While the vulnerability requires local access to exploit, it could affect any Linux system that has not been updated.

What is the first step to address CVE-2016-5195 on my Linux systems?

The primary step is to update the Linux kernel to a patched version. Consult your Linux distribution's official advisories and apply the recommended updates to mitigate the risk.

References