External risk intelligence

Cisco IOS Denial-of-Service Vulnerability.

CVE advisoryKnown Exploit

CVE-2018-0159

A vulnerability in Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software's IKEv1 functionality could allow an unauthenticated attacker to cause a denial of service by reloading devices. This impacts network availability for organizations using these products, particularly those with internet-facing services.

5Halo Surface Signal

Denial of Service

Cisco Ios

15.3\(3\)s

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2018-0159

The vulnerability affects IKEv1 functionality in Cisco IOS/IOS XE software. IKE is a fundamental protocol for VPNs and IPsec gateways, which are specifically designed to be public-facing, internet-exposed services that must be reachable to establish remote connectivity.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

A vulnerability exists in the Internet Key Exchange Version 1 (IKEv1) functionality of Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software. This flaw could enable an unauthenticated, remote attacker to disrupt operations by causing an affected device to reload, leading to a denial of service. The issue stems from the software's improper validation of specific IKEv1 packets sent during the negotiation process.

  • Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software
  • Improper IKEv1 packet validation
  • Service disruption and device reloads

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

An attacker can exploit a vulnerability in Cisco's Internet Key Exchange Version 1 (IKEv1) functionality. This could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial-of-service condition by sending crafted IKEv1 packets during an IKE negotiation. The successful exploitation would result in an affected device reloading, disrupting operations.

  • Exposed IKEv1 functionality
  • Attacker sends crafted IKEv1 packets
  • Device reloads, causing denial of service

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial-of-service condition by reloading an affected device. The attacker can exploit this by sending crafted Internet Key Exchange Version 1 (IKEv1) packets during an IKE negotiation. This could disrupt network services.

  • Attacker skill level: Low
  • Required access or conditions: Network access
  • Business risk or urgency: High

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

This vulnerability impacts organizations utilizing Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software by exposing them to denial-of-service risks. Attackers can exploit this by sending specially crafted Internet Key Exchange Version 1 (IKEv1) packets, potentially causing affected devices to reload and disrupt network services. The risk is heightened as this vulnerability affects public-facing services like VPNs and IPsec gateways, which are accessible from the internet.

  • Find affected Cisco devices.
  • Isolate network exposure.
  • Apply vendor updates and verify.
  • Monitor for related activity.

Frequently asked questions

What is Cisco IOS Software and IOS XE Software?

Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software are operating systems used in various Cisco networking devices like routers and switches. They provide the core functionality for these devices to manage network traffic and enable communication across networks.

What is CVE-2018-0159 and how does it work?

CVE-2018-0159 is a vulnerability classified as CWE-20, which indicates an improper input validation. In this case, it means that Cisco's IKEv1 implementation did not correctly check specific data within IKEv1 packets. Sending specially crafted packets during an IKE negotiation can trigger this flaw, leading to a denial-of-service.

How can an attacker exploit this CVE?

An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted Internet Key Exchange Version 1 (IKEv1) packets to a vulnerable Cisco device during an IKE negotiation. This exploit does not require authentication or special privileges, and it targets the device's validation process for these packets.

Who should be concerned about this vulnerability?

Organizations using Cisco IOS or IOS XE Software, especially those with devices that have exposed IKEv1 functionality, should be concerned. Since IKEv1 is often used for VPNs and IPsec gateways, which are typically internet-facing, this vulnerability presents a risk of disruption to services accessible from the internet.

What are the first steps to address this vulnerability?

The first steps involve identifying which Cisco devices are running the affected software versions. It is recommended to isolate any network exposure for these devices if possible, and then apply vendor-provided updates as soon as feasible, followed by verification of the fix.

References