External risk intelligence

Apache Airflow Command Injection Vulnerability

CVE advisoryKnown Exploit

CVE-2020-11978

A vulnerability in Apache Airflow's example DAGs allows authenticated users to run arbitrary commands. This could impact systems by enabling unauthorized command execution, potentially compromising data and operational integrity. Organizations are advised to disable example DAGs or update Apache Airflow.

3Halo Surface Signal

OS Command Injection

Apache Airflow

before 1.10.11

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2020-11978

Apache Airflow is typically deployed as an internal orchestration tool. While this vulnerability allows command injection, it requires authentication and specifically affects example DAGs, which are often disabled in production. Exposure is limited to internal environments where example configurations remain active.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

An issue was discovered in Apache Airflow, a component used for workflow management. This vulnerability allows authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands. The impact can affect the operational integrity of systems running Apache Airflow.

  • Vulnerable Apache Airflow example DAGs
  • Remote command execution by authenticated users
  • Compromised system integrity and data

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

This vulnerability allows an authenticated user to execute arbitrary commands. The attack targets example DAGs within Apache Airflow, which can lead to unauthorized command execution with the privileges of the user running the Airflow worker or scheduler. This could compromise the affected system and any data it accesses.

  • Exposure: Example DAGs are enabled.
  • Attacker access: Authenticated user.
  • Trigger and result: Run arbitrary commands.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This vulnerability presents a risk of arbitrary command execution by authenticated users within an organization's Apache Airflow environment. Attackers could leverage this to compromise systems by running malicious commands. The known exploited vulnerabilities catalog lists this CVE, indicating active exploitation.

  • Moderate skill level attackers could exploit.
  • Requires authenticated access to the system.
  • Business risk is significant; treat as urgent.

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

An issue was identified in Apache Airflow that could allow an authenticated user to run arbitrary commands. This vulnerability is present in specific example DAGs and may be mitigated if example DAGs are disabled. Organizations using affected versions should take action to address this risk.

  • Find Airflow assets that are exposed.
  • Disable example DAGs if active.
  • Apply vendor updates and verify.

Frequently asked questions

What is Apache Airflow and what are its primary functions?

Apache Airflow is an open-source platform designed for authoring, scheduling, and monitoring workflows programmatically. It enables users to define complex data pipelines as code, facilitating easier management and automation of tasks.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2020-11978 affecting Apache Airflow?

CVE-2020-11978 is classified as a remote code/command injection vulnerability. This weakness permits an attacker to trick the software into executing unintended commands on the host system where Airflow is deployed.

How can an attacker exploit the Apache Airflow vulnerability?

Exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when example DAGs (Directed Acyclic Graphs) are enabled within Apache Airflow. An authenticated user can then trigger the injection, leading to arbitrary command execution with the privileges of the Airflow worker or scheduler process.

What is the significance of CVE-2020-11978, and why is it relevant?

CVE-2020-11978 is relevant because it allows authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands on systems running vulnerable versions of Apache Airflow. This can lead to a compromise of system integrity and potential data breaches. Halo classifies this as 'Possible' exposure, noting that while command injection is possible, its impact is limited to environments where example DAGs are active.

What steps should be taken to address the Apache Airflow vulnerability?

To address this vulnerability, organizations should identify all exposed Airflow assets. If example DAGs are enabled, they should be disabled. Applying vendor-provided updates for Apache Airflow is crucial, and all applied mitigations should be verified to ensure the risk is adequately managed.

References