External risk intelligence

Adobe Acrobat Reader Code Execution Vulnerability

CVE advisoryKnown Exploit

CVE-2021-21017

A vulnerability in Adobe Acrobat Reader allows unauthenticated attackers to execute code by opening malicious files. This could impact user sessions and organizational data. Applying software updates is recommended to mitigate the risk.

1Halo Surface Signal

Out-of-bounds Write

Adobe Acrobat

17.0 to 17.011.3018820.0 to 20.001.3001820.013.20074 and earlier20.0 to 20.001.300183

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2021-21017

This vulnerability affects a client-side desktop application (Adobe Acrobat/Reader) used to open local or downloaded files. It is not a network-accessible service, gateway, or internet-facing endpoint. The requirement for user interaction to open a malicious file places it outside the category of reachable internet-facing attack surfaces.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

A vulnerability exists within Adobe Acrobat Reader DC that could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code. This occurs when a user opens a specially crafted malicious file. The flaw resides in the handling of data within the application's memory.

  • Vulnerable: Adobe Acrobat Reader DC
  • Weakness: Heap-based buffer overflow
  • Impact: Arbitrary code execution

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Adobe Acrobat and Reader could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code. Exploitation requires the user to open a malicious file. Successful exploitation could lead to the attacker gaining control of the user's current session.

  • Network exposure, no privileges needed.
  • Malicious file opened by user.
  • Arbitrary code execution.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This vulnerability involves a flaw in Adobe Acrobat Reader that could allow an attacker to execute malicious code. Exploitation requires an individual to open a specially crafted file, which could lead to the compromise of the user's current context. The potential for code execution and data manipulation presents a significant risk to affected organizations.

  • Attacker skill level: Low
  • Required access or conditions: User opens a malicious file
  • Business risk or urgency: High

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

This vulnerability in Adobe Acrobat and Reader could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code by tricking a user into opening a malicious file. The risk to organizations stems from potential compromise of user credentials and systems, impacting business operations and data confidentiality. Organizations should prioritize identifying and mitigating this risk to protect sensitive information and maintain system integrity.- Identify all Adobe Acrobat and Reader installations.

  • Block malicious PDF sources and attachments.
  • Update software and monitor for anomalies.

Frequently asked questions

What is Adobe Acrobat Reader DC and its primary function?

Adobe Acrobat Reader DC is a widely used software application designed for opening, viewing, and interacting with PDF (Portable Document Format) files. It enables users to read documents, complete forms, and apply digital signatures.

What is the nature of the CVE-2021-21017 vulnerability in Adobe Acrobat Reader DC?

CVE-2021-21017 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability. This weakness occurs when a specially crafted malicious file is opened, potentially allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code within the user's current session.

How can an attacker exploit the heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Adobe Acrobat Reader?

Exploitation of this vulnerability requires user interaction; specifically, the victim must open a malicious file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user.

What is the relevance of CVE-2021-21017 based on threat advisories?

Threat advisories indicate that CVE-2021-21017 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability affecting Adobe Acrobat and Reader. It allows for arbitrary code execution if a user opens a malicious file, posing a significant risk due to potential compromise of user credentials and systems.

What actions should be taken to address this Adobe Acrobat Reader vulnerability?

Organizations should identify all Adobe Acrobat and Reader installations, block malicious PDF sources, and promptly update the software to the latest versions. Monitoring for unusual activity is also recommended to protect sensitive information and maintain system integrity.

References