External risk intelligence

Google Chrome V8 Heap Corruption Vulnerability.

CVE advisoryKnown Exploit

CVE-2021-21220

A vulnerability in the V8 engine of Google Chrome allows attackers to exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. This could impact organizations by enabling unauthorized code execution and data compromise. The realistic business risk involves potential system disruption and data loss.

4Halo Surface Signal

Out-of-bounds Write

Google Chrome

before 89.0.4389.128323334

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2021-21220

The vulnerability exists in the V8 engine used by web browsers. Web browsers are client-side software designed specifically to render content from the public internet. While the attack requires user interaction to visit a crafted HTML page, the product itself is fundamentally built to interact with internet-facing resources, making this a common and expected deployment pattern for the software.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

A vulnerability in the V8 engine within Google Chrome has been identified. This flaw arises from inadequate validation of untrusted input. The exploit could lead to potential heap corruption within the affected systems.

  • Vulnerable component: V8 engine in Google Chrome
  • Core weakness: Insufficient input validation
  • Main business impact: System corruption and potential data compromise

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

This vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code within a user's browser. This is achieved by tricking a user into visiting a specially crafted HTML page. The attack exploits insufficient validation of untrusted input within the V8 JavaScript engine, leading to heap corruption. This could result in unauthorized access to or modification of sensitive data.

  • Exposure via crafted HTML page.
  • Attacker gains control via heap corruption.
  • Impact is arbitrary code execution.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This vulnerability could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected systems. Exploitation requires convincing a user to visit a malicious webpage. The potential for significant data compromise and system disruption presents a notable business risk.

  • Attacker skill level: Likely low.
  • Access needed: User interaction required.
  • Business risk: High.

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

This vulnerability in the V8 engine could allow attackers to exploit heap corruption through a crafted HTML page. Affected organizations should take immediate action to mitigate risk.

  • Identify systems using the affected product.
  • Reduce exposure by restricting access.
  • Apply vendor updates and verify.
  • Monitor for related security events.

Frequently asked questions

What is the V8 engine in Google Chrome?

The V8 engine is a JavaScript and WebAssembly engine developed by Google, primarily for its Chrome browser. It parses and executes JavaScript code, translating it directly into machine code for faster execution. V8 is also used in other applications like Node.js and Electron, and it supports modern ECMAScript syntax and features.

How does CVE-2021-21220 exploit heap corruption?

CVE-2021-21220 exploits heap corruption through insufficient validation of untrusted input in the V8 engine. This allows a remote attacker to trigger heap corruption by directing a user to a specially crafted HTML page. The vulnerability stems from the JIT compiler incorrectly narrowing the integer range for operations like XOR, leading to out-of-bounds memory access when bounds checks are eliminated.

What specific weakness class is associated with CVE-2021-21220?

The primary weakness class associated with CVE-2021-21220 is CWE-787, which denotes an out-of-bounds write. It is also categorized as a memory corruption vulnerability.

How does an attacker trigger and exploit CVE-2021-21220?

An attacker triggers CVE-2021-21220 by luring a user to visit a malicious HTML page. This crafted page initiates code execution within the V8 engine that leads to heap corruption. Exploitation can involve corrupting array lengths to perform out-of-bounds memory access, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution.

What actions are recommended to mitigate CVE-2021-21220?

To mitigate CVE-2021-21220, organizations should update Google Chrome to version 89.0.4389.128 or later. Updates for other Chromium-based browsers and Fedora packages are also available. Applying these vendor updates is crucial for remediation.

References