External risk intelligence

Windows User Profile Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability Advisory

CVE advisoryKnown Exploit

CVE-2022-21919

A vulnerability in the Windows User Profile Service could allow an attacker with local access to gain elevated privileges. This impacts affected Windows operating systems and presents a business risk of unauthorized system access and control.

1Halo Surface Signal

Microsoft Windows 10 1507

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External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2022-21919

This vulnerability resides within a local Windows system service (User Profile Service). Exploitation requires local access to the operating system, and it is not a network-reachable or internet-facing service.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

The User Profile Service in Windows operating systems is susceptible to a vulnerability that could allow for an elevation of privileges. This flaw impacts the integrity of the system by potentially granting unauthorized access. The primary business risk centers on the potential for unauthorized access and control over affected systems.

  • Windows User Profile Service
  • Privilege elevation flaw
  • Unauthorized system access

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

This vulnerability in the Windows User Profile Service can allow an attacker to gain elevated privileges on a system. The attack requires the attacker to first have a low level of access to the affected Windows system. Once this initial access is established, the attacker can then trigger the vulnerability through a specific action, leading to the potential for unauthorized control over system functions or data.

  • Local system access required.
  • Attacker triggers the vulnerability.
  • Control or impact results.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This vulnerability impacts the Windows User Profile Service, allowing for an elevation of privilege. Exploitation requires an attacker to have already gained local access to a system. The potential damage could include unauthorized access to sensitive data or the ability to make system-level changes. Given the requirement for prior local access, this vulnerability poses a lower immediate risk to organizations compared to those exploitable remotely.

  • Likely attacker skill level: Moderate
  • Required access or conditions: Local system access
  • Business risk or urgency: Treat as a moderate-priority patch.

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

This vulnerability in the Windows User Profile Service could allow an attacker with local access to elevate their privileges. This could impact the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of affected systems and data. The primary risk is to the operating system's security posture and the data residing on it.

  • Identify Windows systems with the User Profile Service.
  • Apply vendor security updates.
  • Verify update installation and monitor systems.

Frequently asked questions

What is the Windows User Profile Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability (CVE-2022-21919)?

CVE-2022-21919 is a vulnerability in the Windows User Profile Service that allows for an elevation of privileges. This means an attacker with initial low-level access to a system could exploit this flaw to gain higher-level control.

What type of weakness does CVE-2022-21919 represent and how is it triggered?

This vulnerability is categorized under CWE-59, which generally relates to improper handling of file paths or naming conventions. Exploitation requires an attacker to have already gained local access to the affected Windows system and then trigger the vulnerability through a specific action.

What is the scope of impact for CVE-2022-21919, and does it allow for remote attacks?

The scope of impact for this vulnerability is local (S:U), meaning it affects resources within the same security scope. It does not allow for remote attacks, as exploitation requires an attacker to have prior local system access.

What is the relevance of CVE-2022-21919, especially considering its listing on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog?

While this vulnerability is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, its relevance is mitigated by the fact that exploitation requires local access. This means it is not typically targeted by widespread, automated attacks but could be used in more targeted scenarios after initial compromise. CISA's inclusion indicates active exploitation in the wild.

What are the recommended practical steps to address the Windows User Profile Service vulnerability?

To address this vulnerability, it is recommended to identify all Windows systems running the User Profile Service, apply the security updates provided by Microsoft, and then verify that the updates have been successfully installed. Continuous monitoring of affected systems is also advised.

References