External risk intelligence

Fortinet SSL-VPN Code Execution Vulnerability

CVE advisoryKnown Exploit

CVE-2022-42475

A heap-based buffer overflow in Fortinet SSL-VPN allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or commands. This impacts organizations by potentially compromising systems and data, posing a business risk due to unauthorized control.

5Halo Surface Signal

Out-of-bounds Write

Fortinet Fortios

5.0.0 to 5.0.145.2.0 to 5.2.155.4.0 to 5.4.135.6.0 to 5.6.146.0.0 to before 6.0.166.2.0 to before 6.2.126.4.0 to before 6.4.117.0.0 to before 7.0.97.2.0 to before 7.2.31.0.0 to 1....

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2022-42475

This vulnerability affects the SSL-VPN component of FortiOS and FortiProxy. SSL-VPN gateways are security appliances specifically designed to be internet-facing to provide remote access, making them publicly exposed by design in standard deployments.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

Fortinet's SSL-VPN feature within FortiOS and FortiProxy is susceptible to a heap-based buffer overflow. This weakness allows an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code or commands through specially crafted requests. The potential impact includes unauthorized code execution on affected systems.

  • Vulnerable SSL-VPN component
  • Buffer overflow weakness
  • Arbitrary code execution impact

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in FortiOS and FortiProxy SSL-VPN allows remote attackers to execute code. This occurs when a specially crafted request is sent to an exposed SSL-VPN service. The impact can include arbitrary code execution, affecting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of systems and data.

  • Network exposure required.
  • Unauthenticated attacker access.
  • Trigger crafted requests for control.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

A critical vulnerability in Fortinet's SSL-VPN could allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or commands on affected systems. This could lead to a complete compromise of the system, including data theft or disruption of services. The exposure of the SSL-VPN to the internet increases the risk of exploitation.

  • Attacker skill level: Low
  • Required access: None
  • Business risk: High urgency

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

This critical vulnerability in Fortinet products could permit an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code. Organizations should prioritize addressing this risk to protect systems and data.

  • Identify exposed Fortinet assets.
  • Reduce exposure or isolate risk.
  • Apply vendor fixes and monitor.

Frequently asked questions

What is FortiOS SSL-VPN and what is it used for?

FortiOS SSL-VPN is a feature in Fortinet's operating system, FortiOS, and its related product, FortiProxy. It allows remote users to securely connect to a private network over the internet, commonly used for employees to access company resources while working remotely.

How does CVE-2022-42475 affect Fortinet SSL-VPN?

CVE-2022-42475 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability [cite: catalog]. This means an attacker can overwrite memory in a way that allows them to execute their own code or commands on the affected Fortinet system.

What conditions are needed for an attacker to exploit this vulnerability?

An attacker needs to be able to send specially crafted requests to the Fortinet SSL-VPN service. This vulnerability does not require any prior authentication or special privileges from the attacker.

Who should be concerned about this Fortinet SSL-VPN vulnerability?

Organizations using FortiOS or FortiProxy with the SSL-VPN feature enabled should be concerned. Because SSL-VPN is typically internet-facing, this vulnerability presents a significant risk of external compromise [cite: haloSurfaceSignal].

What is the first step to address this Fortinet vulnerability?

The immediate first step is to identify any internet-facing Fortinet SSL-VPN deployments. After identification, organizations should consult Fortinet's guidance for applying necessary updates or mitigations to protect their systems.

References

Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI)

Sources: malpedia