External risk intelligence

Windows Search Remote Code Execution Vulnerability.

CVE advisoryKnown Exploit

CVE-2023-36884

This vulnerability affects Microsoft Windows systems, allowing attackers to execute unauthorized code by tricking users into opening malicious files. This poses a risk to organizational systems and data. Mitigation involves applying vendor security updates.

1Halo Surface Signal

Remote Code Execution

Microsoft Windows 10 1507

before 10.0.10240.20107before 10.0.14393.6167before 10.0.17763.4737before 10.0.19044.3324before 10.0.22000.2295before 10.0.22621.2134r2before 10.0.20348.1903

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2023-36884

This vulnerability resides within the local Windows Search functionality. It requires user interaction to open a specifically crafted file to execute, making it an endpoint-centric risk rather than a service exposed to the public internet. It does not represent a network-facing service, gateway, or common public-facing application deployment.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

Microsoft Windows Search contains a vulnerability that could allow attackers to bypass security features when a user opens a specially crafted file. This could lead to unauthorized code execution on affected systems. The core issue lies within the Windows Search component's handling of certain file types, creating a pathway for malicious code.

  • Windows Search component
  • Flaw allows bypassing security defenses
  • Potential for unauthorized code execution

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

This vulnerability allows an attacker to bypass security defenses by using a specially crafted file. Organizations that utilize vulnerable Windows systems could face risks if an attacker successfully triggers this vulnerability. The attack involves an attacker gaining access to a system and then convincing a user to open a malicious file.

  • External network exposure required.
  • Attacker sends a malicious file.
  • User opens file, granting control.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This vulnerability in Windows Search could allow attackers to execute malicious code on affected systems. Exploitation requires an attacker to trick a user into opening a specially crafted file. The potential impact includes the compromise of system integrity and confidentiality. Due to the possibility of exploitation, organizations should treat this as a significant risk.

  • Likely attacker skill: Moderate to high.
  • Required access: User interaction with a malicious file.
  • Business risk: High; potential for code execution.

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

This vulnerability impacts Microsoft Windows systems by allowing remote code execution through a crafted file. Attackers can exploit this to gain unauthorized access and potentially control affected systems, posing a significant business risk. The vulnerability leverages the Windows Search component and requires user interaction to be triggered.

  • Identify all Windows systems.
  • Isolate affected systems from the network.
  • Apply vendor security updates.
  • Verify update installation.
  • Monitor for suspicious activity.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2023-36884 and which Microsoft products are affected?

CVE-2023-36884 is a high-severity remote code execution vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Search. It affects various versions of Windows client and server operating systems, including Windows 10 (versions 1507, 1607, 1809, 21H2, 22H2), Windows 11 (21H2, 22H2), and Windows Server (2008 SP2, 2008 R2 SP1, 2012, 2012 R2, 2016, 2019, 2022).

What type of weakness does CVE-2023-36884 represent and how is it exploited?

CVE-2023-36884 is a race condition (CWE-362) vulnerability. Attackers exploit it by sending a specially crafted Microsoft Office document (e.g., .docx or .rtf) to a victim. When the victim opens the document, embedded objects trigger code execution outside of expected security boundaries, potentially bypassing Mark of the Web protections.

What is the scope of exploitation for CVE-2023-36884?

Exploitation of CVE-2023-36884 requires user interaction, specifically the user opening a malicious document. The attack chain involves the malicious document referencing remote content, which then downloads additional malicious files without Mark of the Web protections, enabling code execution.

What is the relevance of CVE-2023-36884, and which threat actors are associated with it?

CVE-2023-36884 has been actively exploited in the wild, leading to its inclusion in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. Threat actors such as Storm-0978 (also known as the RomCom Group), believed to be Russian-affiliated, have been linked to campaigns using this vulnerability to target defense and government entities.

What steps should be taken to respond to CVE-2023-36884?

To mitigate CVE-2023-36884, organizations should apply Microsoft's security updates released in August 2023. If patching is delayed, consider enabling the `FEATURE_BLOCK_CROSS_PROTOCOL_FILE_NAVIGATION` registry mitigation. Additionally, blocking inbound and outbound SMB (TCP/445) at the network perimeter and training users to report suspicious attachments can help.

References