External risk intelligence

Cisco IOS SNMP Vulnerability Allows Denial of Service or Code Execution.

CVE advisoryKnown Exploit

CVE-2025-20352

Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software have a vulnerability in their SNMP subsystem that allows authenticated attackers to cause denial of service or execute code as root. This impacts network device availability and control. The business risk involves potential service disruption and unauthorized system access.

2Halo Surface Signal

Denial of Service

Cisco Ios Xe Sd Wan

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External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2025-20352

The vulnerability affects the SNMP subsystem in network infrastructure software. While SNMP is a network-based protocol, industry best practices strongly dictate that management interfaces like SNMP should be isolated within internal management networks and not exposed directly to the public internet. Therefore, public internet exposure is uncommon in standard, secure deployments.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

Cisco IOS Software and Cisco IOS XE Software contain a stack overflow vulnerability in their SNMP subsystem. This flaw can be exploited by sending specially crafted SNMP packets. The vulnerability can lead to system reloads or, in more severe cases, allow for arbitrary code execution with root privileges.

  • Vulnerable: Cisco IOS SNMP subsystem
  • Weakness: Stack overflow
  • Impact: Denial of service or code execution

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

This vulnerability permits an attacker to manipulate the SNMP subsystem of Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software. An attacker can leverage this by sending a specially crafted SNMP packet, potentially leading to a denial of service or code execution. The impact depends on the attacker's privileges and the specific SNMP credentials they possess.

  • Exposed SNMP subsystem.
  • Authenticated attacker sends crafted packet.
  • Causes system reload or code execution.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

A vulnerability exists in the SNMP subsystem of Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software. This could allow an authenticated attacker to cause a denial of service or, with higher privileges, execute arbitrary code as the root user. The exploit involves sending a crafted SNMP packet. This vulnerability is actively being exploited in the wild, indicating a significant and immediate risk.

  • Likely attacker skill level: Low to high
  • Required access or conditions: Authenticated access with SNMP credentials
  • Business risk or urgency: Urgent

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

The organization's systems may be at risk due to a vulnerability in Cisco's network management software. This could allow attackers to disrupt services or gain elevated access to devices. An immediate review of network devices is recommended to understand the potential impact on operations and data.

  • Identify all affected Cisco devices.
  • Restrict SNMP access to trusted networks.
  • Apply vendor updates and verify remediation.

Frequently asked questions

What is the nature of the vulnerability in Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software's SNMP subsystem?

A stack overflow vulnerability exists in the SNMP subsystem of Cisco IOS Software and Cisco IOS XE Software. This flaw allows an authenticated remote attacker to potentially cause a denial of service or execute arbitrary code with root privileges.

How can an attacker exploit this Cisco IOS SNMP vulnerability?

An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted SNMP packet to an affected device over IPv4 or IPv6 networks. The success and impact of the exploit depend on the attacker's privileges and the SNMP credentials they possess.

What are the potential impacts of exploiting the Cisco IOS SNMP flaw?

Exploiting this vulnerability can lead to a denial of service (DoS) condition, causing the affected system to reload. Alternatively, a high-privileged attacker could execute arbitrary code as the root user, gaining full control of the system.

What is the relevance of CVE-2025-20352, and is it actively exploited?

CVE-2025-20352 is a high-severity vulnerability in Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software that is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. This indicates it is actively being exploited in the wild, posing a significant and immediate risk.

What immediate steps should be taken to address the Cisco IOS SNMP vulnerability?

Organizations should identify all affected Cisco devices, restrict SNMP access to trusted networks, and apply vendor-provided updates or patches. Verifying remediation after applying updates is crucial to ensure the vulnerability is resolved.

References