External risk intelligence

Microsoft Windows NTFS Log File Information Disclosure Advisory

CVE advisoryKnown Exploit

CVE-2025-24984

A vulnerability in Windows NTFS allows an attacker with physical access to disclose sensitive information from log files. This impacts organizations by potentially exposing confidential data, posing a risk to data privacy and integrity.

1Halo Surface Signal

Microsoft Windows 10 1507

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External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2025-24984

The vulnerability requires a physical attack on the device to exploit the NTFS log file disclosure, which is inherently limited to local, physical access and cannot be reached over the internet.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

A vulnerability in the Windows NTFS file system could allow an attacker with physical access to a device to disclose sensitive information. This flaw involves the insertion of sensitive data into a log file. The potential business impact centers on unauthorized access to confidential information, posing a risk to data privacy and integrity.

  • Vulnerable component: Windows NTFS log files
  • Core weakness: Sensitive data inserted into log files
  • Main business impact: Unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

An unauthorized attacker can disclose sensitive information through a physical interaction with an affected Windows system. This vulnerability impacts organizations by potentially exposing confidential data within log files. Employees could face risks if sensitive information is leaked, and critical systems might be compromised if attackers leverage the disclosed data for further attacks.

  • Physical access to the system is required.
  • Attacker exploits log file insertion.
  • Sensitive information is disclosed.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This vulnerability allows unauthorized disclosure of information through a physical attack. Attackers could potentially read sensitive data from system log files. This impacts organizations by exposing internal data, which could lead to further security breaches or operational disruptions.

  • Likely attacker skill level: Low
  • Required access or conditions: Physical access
  • Business risk or urgency: Medium

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

This vulnerability allows an attacker with physical access to a system to disclose sensitive information from log files. The impact could be the exposure of system data that might aid further attacks or compromise sensitive business information. The vendor has provided updates to address this issue.

  • Identify systems with affected Windows versions.
  • Isolate or restrict physical access to vulnerable systems.
  • Apply vendor updates and validate the fix.
  • Monitor for unusual log file activity.

Frequently asked questions

What is the core weakness in the Windows NTFS file system that leads to sensitive information disclosure?

The core weakness in the Windows NTFS file system is the insertion of sensitive information into log files. This vulnerability, identified as CWE-532, allows an attacker with physical access to a device to disclose sensitive data. The primary impact is the unauthorized disclosure of confidential information, posing risks to data privacy and integrity.

How can an attacker exploit the NTFS log file vulnerability in Windows?

An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by gaining physical access to an affected Windows system. Once physical access is established, the attacker can trigger the insertion of sensitive information into log files. This allows them to potentially read portions of heap memory containing confidential data.

What are the potential business impacts of the Windows NTFS log file vulnerability?

The potential business impacts include the unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information, which can lead to data privacy breaches and compromised data integrity. Employees might be at risk if sensitive information is leaked, and critical systems could be further compromised if attackers use the disclosed data for subsequent attacks.

What is the relevance of CVE-2025-24984, and what is the recommended action for organizations?

CVE-2025-24984 is a vulnerability in Microsoft Windows NTFS allowing sensitive information disclosure via log files through a physical attack. It is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. Organizations should apply mitigations provided by the vendor, follow applicable guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use if mitigations are unavailable. The due date for action was April 1, 2025.

What practical steps should organizations take to respond to the Windows NTFS log file vulnerability?

Organizations should identify systems running affected Windows versions. It is crucial to isolate or restrict physical access to vulnerable systems. Applying vendor updates is essential, and organizations should validate that the fix has been successfully implemented. Monitoring for any unusual activity related to log files is also recommended.

References