External risk intelligence

macOS could allow an internal attacker to access sensitive user data.

CVE advisorySeverity: MEDIUM (CVSS 5.5)

CVE-2025-43403

An internal attacker with a malicious app on macOS can access sensitive user data, potentially leading to a privacy breach and data exfiltration. This matters to the business as it risks exposing private customer information.

1Halo Surface Signal

Apple Macos

before 14.8.415.0 to before 15.7.4

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2025-43403

This vulnerability requires a malicious application to be already installed and running locally on the macOS device to exploit the authorization flaw. It is a client-side, host-local issue that lacks any network-reachable attack surface or public-internet-facing component.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

An authorization issue in macOS could allow an app to access sensitive user data. This is a significant concern because it means installed applications might be able to view information they are not supposed to have access to.

  • Apps could access private user data.
  • Affects macOS users with vulnerable versions.
  • Local app execution is required.

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

An attacker could exploit this by tricking a user into installing a malicious app that then abuses an authorization flaw. Once run, the app could access sensitive user data that it normally wouldn't be permitted to see.

  • Malicious app installation required.
  • Local privilege escalation to access data.
  • User interaction is a prerequisite.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

Attackers might find this vulnerability less appealing due to its local exploitation requirement, meaning an attacker would need to trick a user into installing malicious software first. This makes widespread, automated attacks less feasible compared to network-exploitable flaws. However, it could still be used in targeted attacks after initial system compromise or via social engineering.

  • Requires local execution.
  • No KEV listing.
  • Exploitation requires user interaction.

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

Prioritize patching macOS systems with the latest available security updates to address an authorization flaw that could allow applications to access sensitive user data. Since this vulnerability has a local attack vector and requires a malicious app to be installed, the immediate risk is lower, but patching remains the most effective remediation.

  • Apply macOS Sonoma 14.8.4 or later.
  • Apply macOS Sequoia 15.7.4 or later.
  • Monitor for unauthorized data access.

Frequently asked questions

What is macOS and what is it used for?

macOS is the operating system developed by Apple for its Mac computers. It provides the graphical user interface and core functionalities that allow users to run applications, manage files, and interact with their hardware. It is widely used for personal computing, creative work, and business operations.

What weakness class does CVE-2025-43403 represent?

CVE-2025-43403 represents an authorization issue, specifically categorized under CWE-285. This means the vulnerability lies in how the system verifies or enforces permissions, allowing an app to potentially access data beyond its intended scope.

How might an attacker trigger this CVE-2025-43403 vulnerability?

This vulnerability is triggered when a malicious application, which an attacker has convinced a user to install and run locally, attempts to access sensitive user data. The vulnerability is not triggered by simply browsing the internet or running legitimate software.

Who should be concerned about CVE-2025-43403 on their macOS devices?

Individuals and organizations running vulnerable versions of macOS should be concerned. Because this vulnerability requires a malicious app to be installed and run locally, it is classified as internal, meaning it does not pose a direct threat from the internet but could be exploited if a user is tricked into running malicious software.

What is the first step for managing this macOS vulnerability?

The most crucial first step is to update affected macOS systems to the latest security versions, specifically macOS Sonoma 14.8.4 or later, and macOS Sequoia 15.7.4 or later. Applying these updates addresses the authorization flaw and is the primary method of remediation.

References