External risk intelligence

ATA-AOF Mobile Application Cleartext and Hard-coded Credential Vulnerability

CVE advisorySeverity: CRITICAL (CVSS 10.0)

CVE-2025-4378

A vulnerability in the ATA-AOF Mobile Application allows authentication abuse and bypass due to cleartext transmission of sensitive information and hard-coded credentials. This could expose sensitive data and compromise account access if the application is reachable and relevant.

3Halo Surface Signal

Authentication Bypass

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2025-4378

The vulnerability exists within a mobile application. Mobile applications typically require backend API communication to function, which may be reachable from the internet, but the application itself resides on end-user devices rather than serving as a public-facing infrastructure component or edge gateway.

PCI scan relevance

PCI Relevance for CVE-2025-4378

Yes

CVE-2025-4378 — Halo PCI Relevance: Yes. Under typical PCI ASV external scan criteria, this issue may be flagged for scan prioritization.

This vulnerability involves cleartext transmission of sensitive information and hard-coded credentials in the ATA-AOF Mobile Application, which could lead to authentication bypass and is likely to cause a PCI ASV scan failure.

Scan-prioritization guidance only—not a PCI DSS certification or ASV attestation.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

A vulnerability has been identified in a mobile application that could allow unauthorized access and manipulation of user accounts through insecure data transmission and hard-coded credentials. While the specific impact depends on the application's function and data handling, such weaknesses can broadly undermine trust and expose sensitive information. The main concern is confirming the relevance and exposure of this specific application to our environment.

  • Sensitive app data may be exposed.
  • Confirms relevance and potential exposure.
  • Assess this application's use and data.

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

An attacker could reach the ATA-AOF Mobile Application over the network, requiring no special privileges or user interaction. The vulnerability stems from the transmission of sensitive information in cleartext and the use of hard-coded credentials within the application, potentially allowing an attacker to abuse or bypass authentication mechanisms.

  • Network access required, no privileges needed.
  • Transmitting data in cleartext and hard-coded credentials.
  • Authentication abuse and bypass are possible.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This vulnerability could affect user authentication and bypass security controls within the ATA-AOF Mobile Application when it communicates information in plaintext. This may expose sensitive data, compromise account access, and impact the application's integrity when used.

  • User authentication data at risk.
  • Cleartext transmission may expose data.
  • Authentication abuse and bypass could occur.

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

To address this vulnerability, the Ataturk University IT and mobile application teams should take the lead. The initial practical step involves identifying all instances of the affected mobile application, assessing their exposure and criticality, and then coordinating remediation efforts with the application's owner and potentially the vendor responsible for its development or maintenance.

  • Application owners must verify deployment scope.
  • Confirm all user groups and attack vectors.
  • Plan vendor-assisted remediation.

Frequently asked questions

What is the ATA-AOF Mobile Application and what is it used for?

The ATA-AOF Mobile Application is a mobile software developed by Ataturk University. Its specific use is not detailed in the advisory, but mobile applications typically facilitate user interaction with services or data on the go.

What type of vulnerability does CVE-2025-4378 describe?

CVE-2025-4378 describes a critical vulnerability involving cleartext transmission of sensitive information and the use of hard-coded credentials. This allows for authentication abuse and bypass within the ATA-AOF Mobile Application.

How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability in the ATA-AOF Mobile Application?

An attacker could exploit this by accessing the ATA-AOF Mobile Application over a network without needing special privileges or user interaction. The vulnerability is triggered by how the application transmits sensitive data and uses embedded credentials.

Who should be concerned about CVE-2025-4378 affecting the ATA-AOF Mobile Application?

Organizations using the ATA-AOF Mobile Application should be concerned. The Halo Surface Signal indicates this is a 'Possible' external risk, suggesting that while the application itself is on user devices, its communication channels might be reachable from the internet.

What is the first step to address the ATA-AOF Mobile Application vulnerability?

The first practical step is for Ataturk University IT and mobile application teams to identify all instances where the affected ATA-AOF Mobile Application is deployed. They should then assess its exposure and criticality and plan remediation with the application's owner or developer.

References