External risk intelligence

React Server Components Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

CVE advisoryKnown Exploit

CVE-2025-55182

A critical vulnerability in React Server Components and Next.js allows unauthenticated remote code execution by unsafely deserializing HTTP request payloads. This impacts organizations using affected versions, creating a risk of unauthorized system control and data compromise.

4Halo Surface Signal

Deserialization

Facebook React

19.0.019.1.019.1.119.2.015.0.0 to before 15.0.515.1.0 to before 15.1.915.2.0 to before 15.2.615.3.0 to before 15.3.615.4.0 to before 15.4.815.5.0 to before 15.5.716.0.0 to befor...

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2025-55182

The vulnerability affects React Server Components and Next.js, which are typically deployed as internet-facing web applications and public-facing APIs. The flaw resides in the handling of HTTP requests to Server Function endpoints, which are routinely exposed to the public internet in standard web development patterns.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

A vulnerability in React Server Components allows for unauthorized remote code execution. This flaw exists when the component unsafely processes data from incoming HTTP requests to Server Function endpoints. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the affected systems.

  • Vulnerable React Server Components
  • Unsafe deserialization of HTTP request payloads
  • Potential for unauthorized code execution

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted HTTP request to a server running affected versions of React Server Components. This request is processed by the server, which then deserializes the payload. The vulnerability arises from insufficient validation during this deserialization process, allowing the attacker's input to influence runtime behavior and execute arbitrary code on the server. This can lead to a full compromise of the server, access to sensitive data, and further movement within internal networks.

  • Attacker sends crafted HTTP request.
  • Server deserializes payload unsafely.
  • Attacker achieves remote code execution.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

A critical security vulnerability has been identified in React Server Components, impacting organizations utilizing specific versions of this software and related Next.js deployments. This flaw allows for unauthenticated remote code execution through the unsafe deserialization of data from HTTP requests. The exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access and control of affected systems.

  • Likely attacker skill level: Low.
  • Required access or conditions: Network access.
  • Business risk or urgency: High.

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

A critical remote code execution vulnerability has been identified in React Server Components, impacting specific versions. This flaw allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting how certain HTTP requests are deserialized. Organizations utilizing affected versions should take immediate action to mitigate the associated business risks.

  • Identify all instances of affected React Server Components and Next.js.
  • Reduce exposure by isolating vulnerable systems or disabling relevant features.
  • Apply vendor updates, validate the fix, and monitor for related activity.

Frequently asked questions

What is the primary function of React Server Components?

React Server Components (RSC) enable certain parts of a React application to render exclusively on the server. This approach optimizes performance by reducing the amount of JavaScript sent to the client and allows direct access to backend resources. They are designed for rendering static content or data-heavy components without requiring client-side interactivity.

What weakness class is associated with CVE-2025-55182?

CVE-2025-55182 is associated with CWE-502, which describes an insecure deserialization vulnerability. This occurs when an application processes untrusted serialized data without proper validation, allowing attackers to manipulate objects and potentially execute malicious actions.

How can an attacker exploit CVE-2025-55182?

An attacker can exploit CVE-2025-55182 by sending a specially crafted HTTP request to a vulnerable server. This request contains a malicious payload that, when deserialized by React Server Components, allows the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server. This can lead to full server compromise.

What is the relevance of CVE-2025-55182, considering Halo Surface Signal?

The Halo Surface Signal indicates a high likelihood of this vulnerability being exploited due to its presence in typically internet-facing applications like React Server Components and Next.js, and its exploitation via HTTP requests to Server Function endpoints.

What immediate actions should be taken to address CVE-2025-55182?

Organizations should immediately upgrade affected React Server Components packages to patched versions. If an upgrade is not immediately possible, temporary mitigations such as deploying Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules or disabling Server Functions can be used. Regular security assessments and monitoring for suspicious activity are also recommended.

References

Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI)

Sources: malpedia, threatActor