External risk intelligence

Waveshare Gateway Firmware Authentication Bypass Vulnerability

CVE advisorySeverity: CRITICAL (CVSS 9.8)

CVE-2025-63362

The affected product is an industrial Serial-to-Ethernet/Wi-Fi gateway. Such devices are specifically designed to act as network-bridging gateways, and their management interfaces are often exposed to facilitate remote configuration and operation of connected equipment, making them inherently public-facing or edge-deployed in many operational environments.

Waveshare Rs232\/485 To Wifi Eth \(b\) Firmware

3.1.1.0

Halo Surface Signal: 5 out of 5 — more likely to be public-facing.

External exposure likelihood

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

This advisory concerns a vulnerability in Waveshare Serial to Ethernet/Wi-Fi Gateway devices that allows attackers to bypass authentication by setting blank administrator credentials, potentially leading to unauthorized access and control of the device and connected systems. The main concern is confirming relevance and exposure of these devices within our environment.

  • Unauthorized access possible via blank admin credentials.
  • Critical for ensuring network gateway security.
  • Verify device presence and assess potential impact.

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

An attacker can reach the vulnerable gateway through the network and bypass authentication. Once authenticated, the attacker can modify critical settings. This could potentially lead to unauthorized control over the connected serial devices.

  • Attacker gains network access.
  • Blank username/password bypasses login.
  • Unauthorized administrative control.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This vulnerability could allow an unauthenticated attacker to bypass authentication on the device's web interface. When supported by the advisory, this could lead to unauthorized changes to the device's configuration.

  • Unauthorized configuration changes.
  • Unauthenticated access to the web interface.
  • Compromised device management.

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

Real-world action for this vulnerability will likely fall to infrastructure or platform teams managing the Serial to Ethernet/Wi-Fi gateway, with oversight from network and security teams to assess exposure. The critical first step is to identify all instances of this gateway, confirm their network reachability and business criticality, and then assign ownership for remediation planning.

  • Identify and assess affected gateways.
  • Confirm network exposure and business criticality.
  • Plan remediation with vendor coordination.

Supplementary metadata

Validate whether this threat affects your internet-facing exposure.

Halo Threat Intelligence helps prioritize remediation with Halo Surface Signal and H/A/L/O context. Start exposure validation with a free external attack surface trial.

Frequently asked questions

What is the Waveshare RS232/485 TO WIFI ETH (B) gateway?

This device is a hardware bridge that connects industrial serial devices—like sensors, controllers, or legacy serial equipment—to modern Ethernet or Wi-Fi networks. It acts as a protocol translator, allowing serial data to be transmitted over IP networks so that remote systems can communicate with or manage the connected serial hardware.

How does CVE-2025-63362 enable an authentication bypass?

The vulnerability involves a flaw in the device's administrative login logic, identified as CWE-620: Uncontrol of Security-Critical Parameter. Specifically, the firmware permits the administrator's username and password fields to be saved as blank values. Because the system accepts these empty credentials, an attacker can bypass the login page entirely and gain full administrative access without providing a valid password.

Do I need to trigger a specific action for this flaw to work?

No complex preconditions are required. The bypass is triggered by the fact that the administrative account can be set to a null state. The vulnerability is not triggered by normal administrative operations; rather, it is a state-based weakness. If the device's credentials remain at their default or an empty configuration, the web interface will not enforce any actual authentication barrier against a network-connected attacker.

Is my device at risk based on Halo Surface Signal?

According to Halo Surface Signal, this device is categorized as highly likely to be internet-facing. Because these gateways are designed to bridge serial equipment to networks, they are frequently deployed at the network edge or directly exposed to facilitate remote management. If your device is accessible via the network, it is potentially reachable by unauthorized parties seeking to exploit this authentication flaw.

When should I begin addressing this CVE-2025-63362 vulnerability?

Start by conducting an inventory of all Waveshare gateway instances within your environment to determine which ones are running the affected firmware version. Confirm their network accessibility to understand your immediate risk surface. Once identified, consult the manufacturer for official firmware updates and coordinate with your network or infrastructure teams to restrict interface access until the device is patched.

References