External risk intelligence

Google Chrome Sandbox Escape via Use After Free in File System

CVE advisorySeverity: CRITICAL (CVSS 9.6)

CVE-2026-10931

This vulnerability affects a web browser, which acts as a client application. Exploitation requires a user to navigate to a crafted HTML page, meaning the vulnerability is not exposed as a public-facing network service, edge gateway, or server-side infrastructure. It is inherently a client-side execution issue.

Use After Free

Google Chrome

before 149.0.7827.53

Halo Surface Signal: 1 out of 5 — much less likely to be public-facing.

External exposure likelihood

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

A use-after-free vulnerability in Google Chrome's File System component could allow attackers to escape the browser's security sandbox through a malicious webpage.

  • Browser vulnerability allows sandbox escape.
  • High severity, requires user interaction to exploit.
  • Confirm relevance and exposure; direct impact is uncertain.

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by tricking a user into visiting a malicious website. The attacker's crafted webpage would then interact with a flaw in Chrome's FileSystem component, potentially leading to a sandbox escape.

  • Attacker entices user to visit malicious site.
  • Flaw in FileSystem is triggered.
  • Sandbox escape is possible.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

A use-after-free vulnerability in Chrome's FileSystem component could allow a remote attacker to escape the browser's sandbox when a user visits a maliciously crafted HTML page. This could affect the integrity and confidentiality of system resources accessible from within the sandbox.

  • Sandbox process and data.
  • Malicious HTML page visit.
  • Potential sandbox escape.

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

This vulnerability in Google Chrome requires an attacker to lure a user to a malicious webpage, making it a client-side issue. The primary responsibility for addressing this falls on the teams managing endpoints and user-facing applications, likely the endpoint security or desktop support teams. The first practical step is to identify all systems running the affected Chrome version, assess their exposure to this type of attack, and then plan the upgrade or patching strategy, prioritizing critical systems.

  • Endpoint or application owners should address this.
  • Verify Chrome versions and user exposure.
  • Plan and execute Chrome version upgrades.

Supplementary metadata

Validate whether this threat affects your internet-facing exposure.

Halo Threat Intelligence helps prioritize remediation with Halo Surface Signal and H/A/L/O context. Start exposure validation with a free external attack surface trial.

Frequently asked questions

What is Google Chrome and the FileSystem component?

Google Chrome is a widely used web browser based on the Chromium project. The FileSystem component is a specific part of the browser's architecture that allows web applications to interact with a sandboxed file system on the user's local machine, providing functionality for storing and retrieving data while keeping the rest of the operating system isolated from potentially malicious web activity.

What does CWE-416 use-after-free mean in CVE-2026-10931?

A use-after-free weakness occurs when a program continues to use a pointer to a memory location after that memory has been cleared or reclaimed. In this vulnerability, the browser mismanages memory within the FileSystem component. An attacker can manipulate this flaw to cause the browser to perform unintended actions, which may eventually lead to a sandbox escape, allowing malicious code to break out of the browser's security boundaries.

How does an attacker trigger this vulnerability?

The attack requires a user to navigate to a specifically crafted HTML page controlled by an attacker. The vulnerability is not triggered by simply having the browser installed or running; it depends entirely on the user interacting with malicious content. Normal browsing of trusted websites or standard browser operations that do not involve specifically malformed FileSystem interactions do not trigger the bug.

Is my environment at risk from this Chrome vulnerability?

According to Halo Surface Signal, this vulnerability is classified as a client-side execution issue. Because it requires a user to visit a malicious site, it does not function like a server-side exploit that targets internet-facing infrastructure or gateways. Your risk depends on the likelihood of your users visiting compromised or malicious web pages, rather than the presence of public-facing network services.

How do I respond to CVE-2026-10931?

The most effective step is to ensure that all endpoints running Google Chrome are updated to version 149.0.7827.53 or later. Since this is a browser-level issue, verify that your organization's patch management processes are successfully deploying browser updates to all workstations. Focus on identifying and updating any systems that are currently running older versions of the software.

References