External risk intelligence

Linux kernel could allow internal attacker to cause denial of service

CVE advisorySeverity: MEDIUM (CVSS 5.5)

CVE-2026-31391

An internal attacker could exploit a flaw in the Linux kernel to cause a denial of service, preventing future cryptographic operations and potentially disrupting system availability.

1Halo Surface Signal

Linux Kernel

5.3 to before 5.10.2535.11 to before 6.1.1676.2 to before 6.6.1306.7 to before 6.12.786.13 to before 6.18.206.19 to before 6.19.107.0

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2026-31391

This vulnerability is located in the atmel-sha204a Linux kernel cryptographic driver. Triggering the resource leak requires local access to trigger memory allocation failures on the system. Because it is a kernel-level driver issue, the affected attack surface is local-only and has no typical direct exposure to the public internet.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

A flaw in the Linux kernel's crypto driver could prevent future operations if memory allocation fails. This issue needs attention because it can block necessary tasks.

  • Can block future operations.
  • Requires local access.
  • Affects the Linux kernel.

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

An attacker with local access could exploit this vulnerability by causing memory allocation failures within the Linux kernel's cryptographic driver. This could lead to a resource leak, potentially impacting the system's ability to handle future cryptographic operations.

  • Requires local user privileges.
  • Targets crypto driver memory handling.
  • Memory allocation failure is key.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This Linux kernel vulnerability involves a memory leak in the `atmel-sha204a` driver, which attackers would likely find unattractive due to its local-only attack vector and the need to trigger specific memory allocation failures. Exploiting this requires authenticated local access, making it a low priority for broad campaigns.

  • Local privilege escalation unlikely.
  • No public exploit code available.
  • Driver-specific, niche impact.

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

Focus on systems with the Linux kernel, prioritizing updates for affected versions to address the resource leak in the atmel-sha204a driver. If immediate patching is not feasible, implement monitoring for excessive memory allocation failures related to this driver.

  • Update Linux kernel to a patched version.
  • Monitor for OOM errors in `tfm_count`.
  • Isolate systems if exploitable.

Frequently asked questions

What is the Linux kernel and what is it used for?

The Linux kernel is the core component of the Linux operating system. It manages the system's resources, such as the CPU, memory, and devices, and allows applications to interact with the hardware. It's fundamental to how Linux-based operating systems function, powering everything from servers to mobile devices.

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2026-31391 in the Linux kernel?

CVE-2026-31391 is related to a resource leak in the `atmel-sha204a` cryptographic driver within the Linux kernel. Specifically, when a memory allocation fails, a counter (`tfm_count`) is not decremented, which can block future operations that rely on that counter.

How could an attacker trigger this Linux kernel vulnerability?

This vulnerability requires an attacker to have local access to the system and trigger a memory allocation failure within the `atmel-sha204a` driver. The failure to decrement the `tfm_count` after a failed memory allocation is what leads to the issue. Systems that do not experience memory allocation failures in this driver would not trigger the bug.

Who should be concerned about CVE-2026-31391?

Organizations running systems with the affected Linux kernel versions should be aware of this vulnerability. The Halo Surface Signal indicates this is an internal-facing threat because exploitation requires local access and does not have direct internet exposure, meaning the primary risk comes from authenticated users or processes on the system itself.

What is the first step to address this Linux kernel vulnerability?

The primary response is to update the Linux kernel to a version where this vulnerability has been resolved. For systems where immediate patching isn't possible, monitoring for excessive memory allocation failures related to the `atmel-sha204a` driver could serve as an initial mitigation step.

References