External risk intelligence

Linux could allow an external attacker to cause system outages.

CVE advisorySeverity: CRITICAL (CVSS 9.8)

CVE-2026-31405

An external attacker can exploit a vulnerability in Linux systems by sending malicious network data. This can crash servers to cause major service outages, or potentially allow them to gain complete control of the affected systems.

1Halo Surface Signal

Out-of-bounds Read

Linux Kernel

2.6.12.1 to before 5.10.2535.11 to before 5.15.2035.16 to before 6.1.1676.2 to before 6.6.1306.7 to before 6.12.786.13 to before 6.18.196.19 to before 6.19.92.6.127.0

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2026-31405

This vulnerability affects the DVB network interface driver (dvb-net) in the Linux kernel, which is used for IP over digital video broadcasting (such as satellite or cable). Typical public internet-facing systems do not run or expose active DVB network interfaces, meaning there is no standard public internet exposure for this specific attack surface.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

This Linux kernel vulnerability involves an out-of-bounds read in the handling of network data, potentially allowing unauthorized code execution. It's critical because it impacts how network-related data is processed, with broad implications for system stability and security.

  • Affects Linux kernel network handling.
  • Allows for unauthorized code execution.

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

An attacker can exploit this vulnerability to cause a denial-of-service condition or potentially execute arbitrary code by sending specially crafted network packets to a vulnerable Linux system. This is possible because the system incorrectly handles ULE extension headers, leading to an out-of-bounds read when processing a specific header type.

  • Network access required.
  • Triggered by network packets.
  • Target: DVB network driver.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This vulnerability involves an out-of-bounds read and potential arbitrary code execution in the Linux kernel's DVB network driver. While the theoretical impact is critical, it's unlikely to be widely weaponized because the affected component, DVB networking, is not commonly exposed to the public internet. Attackers generally prioritize vulnerabilities with broader applicability to compromise more systems.

  • Affects niche DVB networking.
  • Not a common internet attack surface.
  • Exploitation requires specific hardware/configuration.

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

Prioritize patching affected Linux kernel versions to address the out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the DVB network driver. If immediate patching is not feasible, implement network-level filtering or strict access controls for DVB interfaces to prevent exploitation.

  • Apply kernel patches, e.g., v5.15.203, v6.1.167.
  • Isolate or disable DVB network services.
  • Monitor DVB network traffic for anomalies.

Frequently asked questions

What is the vulnerability in the Linux kernel related to DVB network handling?

The vulnerability involves an out-of-bounds read in the Linux kernel's DVB network driver. This occurs when processing ULE extension headers, specifically when a network-controlled index (htype) reaches 255, leading to an out-of-bounds read on a function pointer table. This could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial-of-service.

What type of weakness does CVE-2026-31405 represent and how is it triggered?

This vulnerability is classified as CWE-125, an 'Out-of-bounds Read'. It is triggered by specially crafted network packets sent to a vulnerable Linux system that incorrectly processes ULE extension headers. The system derives an index from network data, and when this index is 255, an out-of-bounds read occurs on a function pointer table.

How can an attacker exploit this Linux kernel vulnerability, and what is the scope?

An attacker can exploit this by sending crafted network packets that cause an out-of-bounds read in the DVB network driver. This can lead to a denial-of-service or arbitrary code execution. The scope is limited to systems where the DVB network interface is active and accessible, as the vulnerability resides within the network data handling mechanisms.

What is the relevance of the Linux kernel vulnerability CVE-2026-31405, considering the Halo Surface Signal?

The Halo Surface Signal indicates this vulnerability is 'Very unlikely' to be exploited in the wild. This is because the affected component, the DVB network interface driver, is not commonly used or exposed on typical public internet-facing systems. Exploitation generally requires specific hardware and configurations related to IP over DVB.

What are the recommended actions to mitigate the Linux kernel DVB network driver vulnerability?

It is recommended to prioritize patching affected Linux kernel versions to the latest stable releases that include the fix. If immediate patching is not possible, consider isolating or disabling DVB network services and implementing network-level filtering or strict access controls for any active DVB interfaces. Monitoring DVB network traffic for unusual activity is also advised.

References