External risk intelligence

Linux Kernel SMB Client Out-of-Bounds Read Vulnerability

CVE advisorySeverity: CRITICAL (CVSS 9.1)

CVE-2026-46185

A vulnerability in the Linux kernel's SMB client could allow an out-of-bounds read when processing symlink data, potentially exposing system information. This occurs when the kernel handles malformed SMB messages, affecting internal data handling.

2Halo Surface Signal

Out-of-bounds Read

Linux Kernel

6.0.16 to before 6.1.1756.2 to before 6.6.1406.7 to before 6.12.886.13 to before 6.18.306.19 to before 7.0.77.1

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2026-46185

This vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel SMB client implementation. While SMB is a network protocol, it is designed for internal file sharing and is rarely exposed directly to the public internet in common deployments. It typically requires access to an internal network or specific configuration to be reachable, making public internet exposure uncommon.

PCI scan relevance

PCI Relevance for CVE-2026-46185

Yes

CVE-2026-46185 — Halo PCI Relevance: Yes. Under typical PCI ASV external scan criteria, this issue may be flagged for scan prioritization.

This Linux kernel vulnerability involves an out-of-bounds read that could impact system integrity, requiring attention for PCI compliance.

Scan-prioritization guidance only—not a PCI DSS certification or ASV attestation.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

A vulnerability in the Linux kernel's handling of network file sharing protocols could potentially allow unauthorized access to system information. This issue affects the internal components that manage certain network communications.

  • Flaw in network sharing code.
  • Impacts kernel's internal data handling.
  • Confirm relevance and exposure.

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

An attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted SMB2 error response to a Linux kernel system. This response could trick the system into misinterpreting the data length, leading to an out-of-bounds read when processing symlink information. The vulnerability exists within the SMB client's handling of error messages.

  • Network access required.
  • Malformed SMB2 error response.
  • Information disclosure and potential denial of service.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This vulnerability in the Linux kernel's SMB client could allow an out-of-bounds read when handling symlink data. This may occur when the system processes specific SMB messages, potentially affecting service behavior.

  • Kernel SMB client data.
  • Malformed SMB messages are processed.
  • Unspecified service behavior.

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

This critical vulnerability in the Linux kernel's SMB client could allow for an out-of-bounds read, impacting data confidentiality and integrity. Responsibility for addressing this typically falls to the infrastructure or platform teams managing Linux systems, with potential involvement from security teams for exposure assessment and vendor management if the kernel is part of a third-party appliance. The immediate practical step is to identify all systems running affected Linux kernel versions, determine their exposure and criticality, and then plan for remediation during the next appropriate maintenance window.

  • Infrastructure and platform teams own remediation.
  • Verify SMB client reachability and asset criticality.
  • Plan remediation during scheduled maintenance.

Frequently asked questions

What is the Linux kernel SMB client?

The Linux kernel SMB client is a core software component that enables Linux systems to communicate with network file shares using the SMB protocol. It acts as a bridge, allowing the operating system to mount and interact with remote file storage as if it were local, commonly used for sharing files across different network environments.

What does CWE-125 mean for CVE-2026-46185?

CWE-125 is an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. In the context of this CVE, it means the Linux kernel SMB client fails to properly check the size of incoming data from a network share. If a response is too small, the system reads memory beyond the intended buffer, which could potentially expose sensitive kernel information or cause the system to behave unexpectedly.

How does an attacker trigger this vulnerability?

An attacker must send a specially crafted, malformed SMB2 error response to a system running an affected Linux kernel. The vulnerability is specifically triggered during the processing of symbolic link information. If the response contains an invalid length or is missing expected data, the client attempts to read memory outside of its allocated range. Standard, well-formed SMB communications do not trigger this error.

Is my system at risk according to Halo Surface Signal?

Halo Surface Signal identifies this vulnerability as unlikely to be exposed on the public internet. Because the SMB protocol is primarily designed for internal file sharing, these systems are usually located within protected internal networks. You should assess your risk based on whether your Linux systems are configured to accept SMB traffic from untrusted or external network sources.

What is the recommended response to this vulnerability?

Infrastructure and platform teams should first identify all systems running the affected Linux kernel versions. Once identified, evaluate the network reachability of the SMB client services on those assets. The primary fix involves updating the Linux kernel to a patched version, which should be scheduled according to your organization's maintenance windows and standard update procedures.

References