External risk intelligence

Adobe ColdFusion Improper Input Validation Arbitrary Code Execution

CVE advisorySeverity: CRITICAL (CVSS 9.9)

CVE-2026-47931

An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Adobe ColdFusion allows for arbitrary code execution without user interaction if reachable. This could allow an attacker to run code on the server in the context of the current user.

4Halo Surface Signal

Adobe Coldfusion

20232025

External exposure likelihood

Halo Surface Signal score for CVE-2026-47931

Adobe ColdFusion is a web application server frequently deployed to host internet-facing websites and web applications, making it common for this product to have a direct public network presence.

PCI scan relevance

PCI Relevance for CVE-2026-47931

Yes

CVE-2026-47931 — Halo PCI Relevance: Yes. Under typical PCI ASV external scan criteria, this issue may be flagged for scan prioritization.

This vulnerability allows for arbitrary code execution without user interaction in Adobe ColdFusion. Given its critical severity and direct impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, it would likely cause a PCI ASV scan to fail.

Scan-prioritization guidance only—not a PCI DSS certification or ASV attestation.

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

A critical vulnerability has been identified in Adobe ColdFusion that could allow unauthorized code execution without user interaction. This issue affects various versions of the ColdFusion software, which is used to build and deploy web applications and websites. The potential for arbitrary code execution on the server presents a significant risk if the software is exposed externally.

  • Code can be run remotely on ColdFusion servers.
  • Business risk is confirmed if ColdFusion is internet-facing.
  • Confirm relevant systems and assess potential exposure.

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending specially crafted input over the network to a vulnerable Adobe ColdFusion server. This input targets an improper input validation flaw, allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user, even without requiring any interaction from the user. The scope of the vulnerability changes, potentially impacting a broader range of system functions.

  • Entry Condition: Unauthenticated network access.
  • Trigger Point: Sending crafted input to the server.
  • Resulting Risk: Arbitrary code execution.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Adobe ColdFusion could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server. This could occur when the system processes specific, malformed inputs, leading to a compromise of the server's current user context.

  • Server-side code execution.
  • Malicious input processed by the server.
  • System control and data access.

Priority actions

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

Adobe ColdFusion is the affected technology, making application owners and infrastructure teams responsible for addressing this vulnerability. The first practical step is to identify all instances of ColdFusion, determine their exposure and criticality, and then locate the accountable owner to plan remediation.

  • Application owners are responsible.
  • Verify ColdFusion instance exposure and criticality.
  • Plan remediation based on identified risk.

Frequently asked questions

What is Adobe ColdFusion?

Adobe ColdFusion is a commercial web application server platform used by developers to build, deploy, and maintain dynamic websites and enterprise-level web applications. It simplifies the process of connecting web frontends to databases and other backend systems.

What does CWE-20 mean for CVE-2026-47931?

CWE-20 refers to Improper Input Validation. In this context, it means the ColdFusion server fails to correctly check or sanitize data sent to it before processing. Because the application does not properly verify this input, an attacker can manipulate the system into executing unauthorized, malicious commands.

How is this vulnerability triggered?

An attacker triggers this flaw by sending specially crafted, malformed data over the network to the affected ColdFusion server. No interaction from a legitimate user is required for the exploit to succeed; the server automatically processes the malicious input if it reaches the vulnerable component.

Is my ColdFusion server at risk?

According to Halo Surface Signal, ColdFusion is frequently deployed to host internet-facing services, which increases the likelihood that your instance is reachable from the public network. If your server is directly exposed to the internet, it is at higher risk of being targeted than systems restricted to internal network access.

What should I do first to respond?

Begin by inventorying all ColdFusion instances within your environment to identify which versions are running. Once you have a complete list, verify the network exposure and business criticality of each server to prioritize your response efforts and coordinate with the appropriate system owners.

References