External risk intelligence

NR RRC Message Handling Flaw Causes Denial of Service

CVE advisorySeverity: CRITICAL (CVSS 9.8)

CVE-2026-48174

The vulnerability resides in the NR (New Radio) RRC (Radio Resource Control) component, which operates at the lower layers of the cellular protocol stack between a device and a base station. This component is not an internet-facing service or application reachable via standard public IP networking, but rather part of the physical/link layer signaling stack internal to mobile telecommunications infrastructure.

Halo Surface Signal: 1 out of 5 — much less likely to be public-facing.

External exposure likelihood

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

This advisory addresses a critical vulnerability in the NR RRC component that could allow for a denial-of-service condition due to improper message handling before authentication. While this component is part of the cellular signaling stack and not directly internet-facing, understanding its potential impact is important for confirming relevance and exposure within our environment.

  • Improper message handling can disrupt service.
  • Understand cellular signaling stack risks.
  • Confirm relevance and exposure.

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

An attacker could target the cellular network's NR RRC component by sending specially crafted messages. Because this component handles communications before a device is fully authenticated, it lacks robust checks. This could lead to a denial-of-service condition where the network becomes unavailable.

  • Network access required.
  • Unauthenticated messages trigger failure.
  • Denial-of-service risk.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This vulnerability could affect the availability of network services when the NR RRC component improperly handles messages prior to user authentication, leading to a denial-of-service condition. This occurs because an unauthenticated attacker could send malformed messages that trigger a data abort.

  • Network service availability.
  • Malformed messages before authentication.
  • Denial-of-service condition.

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

This critical vulnerability impacts the NR RRC component, likely managed by telecommunications infrastructure and network teams. The first practical step is to identify all instances of this component within your environment, confirm its exposure to attack vectors, and ascertain its business criticality to prioritize remediation efforts with the accountable owner.

  • Network and infrastructure teams own this.
  • Verify NR RRC component reachability.
  • Plan remediation based on risk.

Supplementary metadata

Validate whether this threat affects your internet-facing exposure.

Halo Threat Intelligence helps prioritize remediation with Halo Surface Signal and H/A/L/O context. Start exposure validation with a free external attack surface trial.

Frequently asked questions

What is the NR RRC component?

The NR RRC, or New Radio Radio Resource Control, is a foundational piece of the 5G cellular protocol stack. It manages the signaling exchange between a mobile device and a network base station, handling tasks like connection setup and configuration before data traffic can flow.

What does CWE-476 mean for CVE-2026-48174?

CWE-476 refers to a NULL pointer dereference. In this vulnerability, the system attempts to process an incoming message but fails to check if the data is valid first. This triggers a data abort, causing the process to crash and resulting in a denial-of-service.

How does an attacker trigger this vulnerability?

An attacker sends specially crafted, malformed signaling messages to the NR RRC component. Crucially, the bug is triggered before the network authenticates the device; it will not be triggered by messages sent after a secure connection is fully established.

Is this vulnerability reachable over the internet?

No. According to Halo Surface Signal, this component resides in the lower layers of the cellular protocol stack. It is not an internet-facing application reachable via public IP; it functions within the internal signaling stack of mobile telecommunications infrastructure.

What should I do if my infrastructure uses NR RRC?

First, map where this component exists within your network. Work with your infrastructure team to verify its reachability and assess the potential impact of a service disruption, then coordinate with the system owners to prioritize and plan for upcoming patches.

References