External risk intelligence

Ash Authentication Bypass by Remember-Me Cookie Spoofing

CVE advisorySeverity: CRITICAL (CVSS 9.1)

CVE-2026-76949

This vulnerability exists in an authentication framework library commonly used in web applications. Because these applications are frequently deployed as public-facing web services that handle user sessions and authentication, the vulnerable code path is commonly exposed to the internet via the web application's browser pipeline.

Authentication Bypass

Halo Surface Signal: 4 out of 5 — likely to be public-facing.

External exposure likelihood

Horizon Alert

Summary of the vulnerability and why it matters

This vulnerability affects authentication mechanisms within the ash_authentication library, potentially allowing an attacker to bypass standard login procedures by planting a special cookie in a user's browser. This could lead to an attacker gaining unauthorized access to a victim's authenticated session, exposing their data to the attacker. The main concern is confirming if our systems utilize the affected library and are therefore exposed.

  • Stolen cookies can hijack user sessions.
  • Protects against session hijacking risks.
  • Verify library use and assess exposure.

Attack Path

How an attacker could exploit the issue

An attacker could exploit this by planting a specially crafted cookie in a victim's browser. This cookie would then be used to bypass the normal authentication process, allowing the attacker to impersonate the victim and gain access to their account. The vulnerability lies in how the authentication system handles "remember-me" cookies, leading to a session takeover.

  • Attacker plants a cookie.
  • System honors planted cookie.
  • Attacker hijacks victim session.

Live Threat

Current exploitation, exposure, and threat context

This vulnerability could allow an attacker to hijack a user's active session, leading to unauthorized access to the victim's account and any data or actions associated with it. This is possible when an attacker can control a "remember-me" cookie in a victim's browser, potentially causing the system to incorrectly authenticate the attacker as the victim.

  • User account and associated data.
  • Via a planted "remember-me" cookie.
  • Attacker controls victim's account actions.

Operational Fix

Recommended remediation, mitigation, and detection steps

Security and platform teams are most likely responsible for addressing this authentication bypass vulnerability, which impacts applications using the `ash_authentication` library. The initial step should involve identifying all instances of the affected technology, confirming their exposure and criticality, and then assigning ownership for remediation planning.

  • Own the issue: Platform and application owners.
  • Verify first: Technology presence and exposure.
  • Action: Plan and coordinate updates.

Supplementary metadata

Validate whether this threat affects your internet-facing exposure.

Halo Threat Intelligence helps prioritize remediation with Halo Surface Signal and H/A/L/O context. Start exposure validation with a free external attack surface trial.

Frequently asked questions

What is the ash_authentication library?

It is a specialized framework library for the Elixir programming language, designed to streamline how developers implement user authentication—such as sign-ins, password resets, and session management—within web applications.

How does CVE-2026-76949 function as an authentication bypass?

This vulnerability, classified as CWE-290 (Authentication Bypass by Spoofing), occurs because of a mismatch in how session tokens are stored and read. The system's guard logic fails to correctly verify active sessions, allowing a specifically crafted 'remember-me' cookie to override a legitimate user's session with the attacker's own account identity.

Do I need to be logged in to trigger this bug?

No. The flaw specifically triggers when a visitor has a live, authenticated session that the system fails to protect. It does not trigger if the application is configured to require strict token presence, as that setting forces the system to use a different, correctly validated storage key.

Why is this considered a high-risk issue for web services?

Halo Surface Signal notes that this library is often used in public-facing web applications. Since the vulnerable code path exists within the standard browser pipeline, any internet-accessible application using affected versions could potentially allow unauthorized parties to hijack active user sessions.

What should I do if my application uses this library?

First, conduct a dependency audit to confirm if your project uses the affected version ranges. If identified, review the project's authentication configuration regarding token requirements and prioritize updating to a patched version of the library once the vendor provides a fix.

References